Input Devices of Computer

Input Devices of Computer

Introduction

Welcome to our blog all about computer input devices! These are the tools we use to tell the computer what we want it to do. We'll explore things like keyboards, mice, touchscreens, and more. You'll learn how each of these input device works and why they're important for using computers. Whether you're new to technology or just curious, this blog will help you understand how we interact with computers every day. So, let's dive in and discover the world of input devices together!

हिंदी में पोस्ट (कंटेंट ) के लिए निचे दिए गए लिंक पर click करे 

फंडामेंटल ऑफ़ कंप्यूटर यूनिट 2

What are Devices?

Devices can be defined as the components or peripherals which are attached to the computer to enter the data and get the desired result. Examples:- Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, Printer, etc.

Type of devices

1. Input Devices
2. Output Devices
3. Memory Devices
4. processing Devices

Input Devices

It is an Electromechanical Device that can be used to enter data and instructions to the computer is called input devices . Those devices', which are used to giving instructions or data in CPU, are known as input devices. It is necessary to input data and instructions into the computer's memory in order to carry out computations.. The input devices carry out this task.

All input devices provide data to memory in binary form (codes of 0 OR 1) working principles of each device is different. All devices will have an interface, which will enable the device to communicate with the system.

Functions of Input devices 1. It accepts (read or input) the data form outside world. 2. It converts the data into the ASCII code or binary form. 3. It sends data in binary form to the computer for further processing.

Input devices are classified into

1. Typing text devices
2. Devices for video and audio
3. Pointing devices
4. Gaming devices
5. Input device for graphics

Typing Text Devices

They are mainly used to input text to the computer these text can be the characters, barcode, QR codes etc

Mainly these input devices are

    Keyboard

    Barcode readers

    QR scanners

Keyboard

Keyboard Was Invented By Christopher Latham Sholes It has keys, like-in a type writer and it is used to key-in the characters into the computer. We can type alphabets, numerical and special characters through it. It has some function keys also. It is connected with CPU It has different keys for different functions. It consists of keys mounted on a board. The main type of the keyboard is a QWERTY keyboard which is gotten from the arrangement of keys.

Features of keyboard:-

1. Typewriter Keyboard with Numeric Keypad.

2. Special Purpose Keys.

3. Toggle And Combination Keys.

Qwerty Keyboard

Input device Keyboard

Character keys - The part of the keyboard which is used to type letters, numbers and other characters.

Function keys-The row of 10-12 keys-F1 to F12 above the typing keys are called the function keys and are used to execute special commands or as shortcut keys. The use of these keys varies program to program 

Navigation Keys(Cursors control keys)- A group of special keys used control and navigate the cursor – arrow keys (Up, Down, Left, Right). Home and End are used to quickly place the cursor. In the beginning or end of a line. 

Numeric keypad-The keys on the extreme right of the keyboard (resembling a calculator’s key board), which can be used both – to enter numbers (when the Num Lock is On) or to move the cursor (When the Num Lock is Off). 

System & GUI  Keys-Used to open windows start button & mouse right click

Modifier Keys-Used to modify the content and also also used as commands in combination with other keys. these keys are Alt ,Ctrl, and  Shift key 

Enter & Editing Keys-Used for editing the content

हिंदी में पोस्ट (कंटेंट ) के लिए निचे दिए गए लिंक पर click करे 

फंडामेंटल ऑफ़ कंप्यूटर यूनिट 2

Barcode & Barcode Readers

BarCode

Barcodes are a series of lines with varying thicknesses that are utilized to represent numerical information. Their primary purpose is to identify consumer goods. Barcode readers are employed to scan these coded lines, decode them into numbers, and input the data into a computer.

BarCode

Barcode Readers

It is a special device, which reads the bars anA QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response code) is a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional barcode) first designed in 1994 .A barcode is a machine-readable optical label that contains information about the item to which it is attached. In practice, QR codes often contain data for a locator, identifier, or tracker that points to a website or application.

d appeared on various items. This device stops the duplicity of the products. Each bar contains the manufacturing number, date, and item and many other information related to the product.

Barcode Readers

Barcode readers, also referred to as barcode scanners, are optical scanners capable of reading printed barcodes. They decode the information contained within the barcode and transmit it to a computer. A barcode reader consists of a light source, a lens, and a light sensor that convert optical impulses into electrical signals, decoder circuitry to analyze the image data captured by the sensor and transmit the content of the barcode through the scanner's output port.

Working of Barcode reader

Working of Barcode reader

QR Code

QR codes, short for Quick Response codes, are a type of matrix barcode developed in 1994.

A QR code comprises of black squares organized in a square grid on a white surface, and it is capable of being scanned by an imaging tool such as a camera. They are machine-readable optical labels that provide information about the attached item. Typically, QR codes contain data for a locator, identifier, or tracker that directs users to a website or application. These codes utilize four standardized encoding modes to efficiently store data, with the option of using extensions. The Quick Response system gained popularity because of its rapid readability and increased storage capacity. Its uses encompass item tracking, product identification, Augmented reality, Virtual stores, Website login, Mobile ticket, Joining a Wi‑Fi network time tracking, making payments, and in many other task. They can be read by any mobile ,QR code readers camera or any bar code readers devices.

QR code

Working of QR Code scanner

Working of QR Code scanner

Pointing  Devices

They are used to point to a specific location, point a application, open an application, using these devices we can obtain a certain reaction which is programmed in that location.

Mainly these input devices are

Mouse

Trackball

Touchpad

Light pen

Touchscreen

MOUSE

This device operates on GUI (Graphical User Interface) based applications which consist of written commands. To execute these commands, we utilize a mouse click. The device is linked to the CPU, and the mouse typically has two buttons - left and right. and a roller in the middle of two buttons. Mouse Was Invented In during 1960’s. By Douglas  Engalebart. Mouse can be used to control and manipulate cursor movement on monitor

Types Of Mouse

Mechanical Mouse

This mouse is Known as a ball mouse, the mechanical mouse contains a metal or rubber ball at the bottom that rotates as the user moves the device. Sensors housed within the mouse detect this movement and subsequently transmit a signal to the cursor displayed on the screen.

Input device-Mouse

Input device-Mouse

Optical Mouse

The traditional mouse ball and electromechanical transducer have been replaced in an optical mouse with a light-emitting diode (LED), an optical sensor, and digital signal processing (DSP) for enhanced performance. The functionality of an optical mouse revolves around the projection of red light and the utilization of light-detecting sensors to track motion. When the sensors detect light, they transmit a signal to the computer, prompting the cursor to move on the screen. As the light source shifts, the sensors detect alterations in the light path, indicating motion. This approach offers a significantly higher level of precision compared to the method employed by a mechanical mouse, which relies on a rolling ball and can cause the cursor to move unpredictably.

Optical mouse

working of optical mouse

Track Ball

A trackball is an input device commonly used in computing to facilitate pointing. It operates in a similar manner to a mechanical mouse, but instead of a conventional design, it incorporates a ball on its upper side that can be manipulated using the thumb. This ball is securely held in place by a socket equipped with sensors capable of detecting its rotation along two axes. By manipulating the ball with the thumb, the user can effectively control the movement of the cursor on the computer screen. Essentially, a trackball can be visualized as an inverted mouse with a protruding ball. To move the cursor, the user can roll the ball using their thumb, fingers, or the palm of their hand.

Track ball

Touchpad

The touchpad is predominantly utilized in conjunction with laptops, providing a convenient alternative to the mouse. It is typically affixed to the laptop and can be easily manipulated using a single finger. The pad incorporates right and left buttons on its side, enabling users to perform the same functions as a mouse.

Working of Touchpad

Conductive sensing involves the utilization of two layers of grids. One layer is composed of horizontally arranged wires, while the other layer consists of vertically arranged wires. To prevent electrical flow between the wires, a material with low conductivity is interposed at the intersections. When pressure is exerted on a particular spot on the touchpad, the material between the wires becomes thinner, facilitating the flow of electricity. This enables the determination of the coordinates of the contact point. By employing this sensing method, any touchpad-friendly object, be it a pencil, finger, or any other item, can be used.

Touchpad

working of Touchpad

हिंदी में पोस्ट (कंटेंट ) के लिए निचे दिए गए लिंक पर click करे 

फंडामेंटल ऑफ़ कंप्यूटर यूनिट 2

Light Pen

A light pen enables users to write freely, sketch, and sign documents with ease or even select data on a computer screen. This device is connected to the CPU and utilizes laser beams for drawing purposes. It is commonly used on screens or light pen pads. Additionally, the light pen allows individuals to sign documents from a distance, like an authority letter. They can be use to draw on the screen, write text or even select data on a computer screen.

Light pen

input device Light Pen

Working of Light pen

The pen is equipped with a photocell housed in a compact tube. As the pen is glided across the screen, the light emitted from the screen directly onto the pen's location triggers the photocell to react. This electrical reaction is then sent to the computer, enabling it to determine the precise location on the screen where the light pen is directed.

Touch Screen

Touch-enabled computer screens have the ability to detect touch input from a finger or other objects, depending on the technology implemented in their design. They are instrumental in facilitating the input and control of numerous functions on the computer.

Input device Touch screen

Working of Touch screen

Touchscreens operate by utilizing electricity, despite being constructed from glass, an insulating material that does not conduct electricity. To enable touch functionality, the screen is coated with a thin layer of an electrically conducting material like indium tin oxide, chosen for its transparency. This conducting layer is connected to a low voltage, resulting in a brief presence of a small electric current on the screen, leaving it with a minor electric charge. When a finger touches the screen, a portion of the small electric charge transfers to the finger. It is worth noting that the voltages and amounts of electric charge are too minimal to pose any risk of an electric shock. Sensitive detectors positioned around the screen's edge can identify the specific point on the screen that has lost charge, indicating the touched area.

Audio Input Devices

Audio input devices records the analog sound and  convert it into digital form for further processing.

Types Of Audio Input Devices.

1. Voice Recognition :-

Device used for security purpose ,devices which recognize voice as passwords

2. Microphone :-

They are connected to the sound port of the computer. They are used to input sound data into the computer by converting it to digital signals which are processed by digital computers.

3. Music Instrument:-

Many instrument have input port which can directly connected to the computer

हिंदी में पोस्ट (कंटेंट ) के लिए निचे दिए गए लिंक पर click करे 

फंडामेंटल ऑफ़ कंप्यूटर यूनिट 2

Gaming Input Devices

Joystick:

It is a stick like device that it used to control the movement of the cursor on the monitor so as to make a move in the game. As you move it there is an equivalent move on the game you are playing

input device Joy stick

input device Joy stick

Magnetic Ink Character Reader (MICR)

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) technology is used by the banking industry, it is character recognition technology , to expedite the processing of cheques & drafts. This technology, which stands for Magnetic Ink Character Recognition, This technology enables computers to identify characters printed with magnetic ink, which are appeared or mentioned at the bottom of cheque or drafts. These numbers are used to stop duplicity.

This device is used only in banks. It read MICR number, which are appeared or mentioned at the bottom of cheque or drafts.

There are two types of MICR number fonts: - 1. E-13 B font style This type of font is used in India and U.S.A. It contains 0 to 9 numbers and 4 special characters. 2. CMC- 7 Font style This style is used in Europe. It contains 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets and 5 special characters.

MICR

working of MICR

Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

OCR Stands for optical character reader ,It deals with the extraction of text from physical documents and converting the visual content into a format that can be processed by a computer. Every OCR system comprises an optical scanner for text recognition and advanced software for image analysis. The potential of OCR systems is vast as they empower users to leverage the computational capabilities of computers in accessing printed documents.

Input device OCR

हिंदी में पोस्ट (कंटेंट ) के लिए निचे दिए गए लिंक पर click करे 

फंडामेंटल ऑफ़ कंप्यूटर यूनिट 2

Optical Mark Reader(OMR)

OMR Stands for Optical Mark reader, OMR are special scanners which are used for recognizing a pre specified type of mark made by pen or pencil . It is also known as sense reader. It is used to read the document or answer sheet by means of light. This device reads special characters, which are appeared on computerized sheet. The software handles this device.

OMR Focus light on the page or document and the light pattern reflected from the dark marks and in this way the the marks are detected, It can read up to 5500 to 850 documents per minute. It is commonly used for examination, aptitude test, railway, bank Exam and other exams.

OMR

Working of OMR

हिंदी में पोस्ट (कंटेंट ) के लिए निचे दिए गए लिंक पर click करे 

फंडामेंटल ऑफ़ कंप्यूटर यूनिट 2

Devices for Graphics

Scanner

Optical input devices, also known as light-based input devices, utilize light as a source. By eliminating the requirement for manual data entry, they enhance accuracy. These devices are employed to transform text and/or graphics into digital images through scanning, enabling easy editing. Depending on the scanner's capabilities, they can produce either black and white or colored images.

Scanner

Digital Camera

The primary purpose of these devices is to capture still images but now a days they can also used to record moving images, which can be later transferred to a computer. They operate in a manner similar to digital video cameras. Prior to the transfer process, the images are stored in a memory stick.

Frequently Asked Question(FAQ)

What are Devices?

Devices can be defined as the components or peripherals which are attached to the computer to enter the data and get the desired result.

What are Barcode and Barcode Readers ?

Barcodes are a series of lines with varying thicknesses that are utilized to represent numerical information.

what are QR Code ?

They are machine-readable optical labels that provide information about the attached item.

what is Track Ball ?

A trackball is an input device commonly used in computing to facilitate pointing..

what is Touch pad ?

The touchpad is predominantly utilized in conjunction with laptops, providing a convenient alternative to the mouse.

what is Light pen ?

A light pen enables users to write freely, sketch, and sign documents with ease or even select data on a computer screen.

what is MICR ?

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) technology is used by the banking industry, it is character recognition technology , to expedite the processing of cheques and drafts.

what is OCR ?

OCR Stands for optical character reader ,It deals with the extraction of text from physical documents and converting the visual content into a format that can be processed by a computer.

what is OMR ?

OMR Stands for Optical Mark reader, OMR are special scanners which are used for recognizing a pre specified type of mark made by pen or pencil .

Conclusion

In conclusion , this blog cover a brief description of Input devices & their working ,the devices ae as follows

Barcode

QR Code

Trackball

Touchpad

Lightpen

Touchscreen

MICR

OCR

OMR

In summary, I can say that how crucial number are these devices are , they play an important role in technology & Data.

In summary, I can say that these topics are related to Fundamental of Computer and very helpful for those who pursuing BCA,PGDCA, DCA ,'O' Level Courses from different universities

. I hope this blog helps you a lot Happy learning....

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