Internet History Working & Types (internet & Web Designing)

What is internet

Introduction to internet

What is internet

Internet is a network of networks , A network of thousands of computers network in which each computer and network , exchange information according to the certain rules called protocol 

A network of networks, joining many countries , states, government, university and private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents, databases and other computational resources

The vast collection of computer networks which form and act as a single huge network for transport of data and messages across distances which can be anywhere from the same office to anywhere in the world.

History of internet/Internet Development

The internet started as a US government Project in the year 1960 called ARPANET(Advance Research Project Agency),The initial Goal of the project is to Design a network that maintains the safe transition of data between military computers

History of internet

Gradually The ARPANET reaches universities, research labs and military labs

In late 1980 the National Science Foundation of US, funded the development of a network using protocols like IP/TCP which is named NSFNET, now NSFNET connect Super computers centers in US

NFSNET encouraged many universities, colleges and other organization to join the network and the number of sites increasing rapidly

In 1990 ARPANET was dismantled and the public network in US was turned over to NFSNET

In1995 U.S. government relaxed entry into Internet for the public

www (world wide web)

www (world wide web)

What is WWW

The WWW or the web is an internet based global information system that makes available multimedia information from the computers around the world.

The web offers video, interactive multimedia and live audio in addition to more basic data types such as text documents and still photographs.

The WWW is the one of the most flexible and exciting tools for surfing the internet 

Components of WWW

Web browser :- 

It is an Application from where you can access the internet on the your computer 

Web servers:-

Information is stored in form of Websites in these Computers and served when required.

HTTP(Hyper text transfer protocol):-

A protocol used to deliver the information in form of webpages, from web servers to web browsers/Computers

Universal resource locater :-

Web resources and documents are identified and accessed by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) .

Html(Hypertext Markup Language ):-

Information is managed in form of HTML Documents, They are the documents which display the information in uniform way on different platforms. 

How www Works

Through the WWW, users can access web pages over the internet by following a series of HTTP links. To retrieve and view these pages, users need to use a browser installed on the computer, such as Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.

Both the internet and the web operate within a client-server model. A server is a program that accepts requests from other computers, known as clients, on the network to store and transmit documents. Clients request documents from a server when a user asks for them and then displays them on the user's screen.

Step 1: Type the address or website name(URL) browser 

When we want to browse the web, users need to use a browser installed on the computer, such as Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.

The user either types a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) or address  in the browser's address bar or follows a link from an already opened page

Step 2: Browser search for the IP/URL/Website name

domain/URL/website map to IP addresses, the true location of the domain's/URL computers. That's handled by the Domain Name System.

The browser uses a DNS resolver to map the domain/URL/website to an IP address

 

Working of WWW

Step 3: Browser sends HTTP request

Once the browser identifies the IP address of the computer hosting the requested URL, it sends an HTTP request.

Step 4: Host sends back HTTP response

Once the host computer receives the HTTP request, it sends back a response with both the content and metadata about it.

HTTP

Step 5: The browser renders the response

The browser now has all the information it needs to render the document requested.

Browser

Working model of WWW

model of WWW

Advantages & disadvantages of INTERNET

Advantages of internet

Source of Entertainment : 

Online games, chatting, surfing, music, movies, dramas, and TV shows are becoming the most common sources of entertainment.

Keep Informed : 

Internet is a source of the newest news

Online Shopping: 

Internet shopping is becoming popular because of virtual shops where you can buy anything you want and need without going out of the home.

Online Payment: 

Internet has made the banking easier 

Communication overseas: 

Communication is much easier with the help of internet

Disadvantages of internet

A Waste of Time:

Most people argue that spending a lot of time using the internet is bad which leads to obesity in the young generation.

Not Safe Place for Children:

If children are allowed to use the internet then parents become worried if they are spending much time on the internet.

Privacy Exposure:

Because of the hacker's community now it’s very easy to decipher someone’s chat or email messages.

Money Frauds:

money frauds are increasing day by day

Viruses/Malware:

Often our systems get infected from viruses and ultimately damage our important data which is difficult to recover.

Online Threatening or Harassment:

If someone manages to get your personal IDs or email address then it becomes easier to harass in chat rooms, online messages, and through emails. 

Intranet & Extranet

What is Intranet

An intranet is a computer network for sharing information, easier communication, collaboration tools, operational systems, and other computing services within an organization, usually to the exclusion of access by outsiders. Intranet is a private network used by an organization. The primary purpose of an intranet is to help employees securely communicate with each other, to store information, and to help collaborate. 

An intranet is a computer network for sharing information, collaboration tools, operational systems, and other computing services within an organization, usually to the exclusion of access by outsiders.

Intranet & Extranet

What is Extranet

An extranet is a controlled private network that allows access to partners, vendors and suppliers or an authorized set of customers  normally to a subset of the information accessible from an organization's intranet. 

An extranet is a web portal that is accessible by an organization and its external vendors, partners, customers, or any other users that require access to restricted information.

Difference Between Internet/Extranet/Intranet

difference between internet, extranet, intranet

Conclusion

In conclusion , this blog cover a brief description of following topics

Internet, History of Internet, www, Component of WWW, www working model, internet, Intranet, Extranet.

In summary, I can say that these topics are related to Fundamental of Computer and very helpful for those who pursuing BCA,PGDCA, DCA ,'O' Level Courses from different universities 

I hope this blog helps you a lot Happy learning....

Frequently Asked Question(FAQ)

What is internet ?

Internet is a network of networks , A network of thousands of computers network in which each computer and network , exchange information according to the certain rules called protocol .

What is WWW ?

The WWW or the web is an internet based global information system that makes available multimedia information from the computers around the world .

What is Intranet ?

An intranet is a computer network for sharing information, easier communication, collaboration tools, operational systems, and other computing services within an organization.

What is Extranet ?

An extranet is a controlled private network that allows access to partners, vendors and suppliers or an authorized set of customers.

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