Email, Web servers, Portal & Protocols(Internet & Web Designing)
Email, Web servers, Portal & Protocols(Internet & Web Designing)
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| Email-web-server-protocol-portal |
An Email is a system that enables the instantaneous exchange of messages between different systems through the use of the internet.
Email, short for electronic mail, was first introduced in the 1960s and evolved into its current form in the 1970s.
Unlike traditional mail, email does not require physical letters or paper to be sent. Instead, an email address and an internet connection are necessary for instant message exchange between systems. Recipients can be added using cc for multiple recipients, and their names can be hidden from others by using Bcc.
Protocol used for email
The email communication is done with the help of three protocols in general.
These protocols are listed below.
- IMAP
- POP
- SMTP
IMAP
The abbreviation IMAP refers to Internet Mail Access Protocol, This protocol is utilized for receiving a email.
By employing IMAP, emails remain on the server instead of being downloaded to the user's mailbox.
This approach aids in conserving memory on the local computer while enhancing server memory capacity.
IMAP which is a software program that runs on server and grants users complete access to all the folders they have created on the server.
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| How Email works IMAP |
POP
The Post Office Protocol (POP) is an email protocol used for retrieving incoming emails
A POP server is a software tool that grants email users access to their stored emails on the server.
Users can download messages and save them locally for later viewing.
Unlike IMAP protocols, POP downloads the entire email to the local computer and removes it from the server after downloading.
This feature is beneficial for servers with limited storage space. The latest version of POP is POP3.
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| post office protocol(pop) |
SMTP
The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, commonly known as SMTP, is utilized for sending emails.
This protocol can be associated with either a physical computer or a Mail Transfer Agent (MTA), which is a software program operating on the system.
The MTA is the agency which is responsible for receiving and transmitting messages between various email servers, as well as facilitating communication with email users through relaying.
How email works
When a user send email from the devices ,he sender's email is sent by the outgoing SMTP server after validating the sender's authenticity.
The domain details in the recipient's email address are verified by the SMTP server.
Based on the MX Record found in the recipient's Domain Name Server (DNS), the SMTP server forwards the email to the recipient server.
The recipient server authenticates the email address and then proceeds to deliver the mail.
Having understood the fundamentals of email and its functioning, you can now proceed to create a personal email address or purchase a new domain for your business to set up business email addresses.
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| SMTP( Simple mail transfer protocol) |
Email Components:
Email Structure -
The structure of an email consists of various components that facilitate communication between the sender and recipient. One of these components is the message envelope
Message envelope-
The message envelope contains essential details such as the sender and recipient's email addresses, which help the mail server determine the appropriate delivery destination for the email.
Email Header -
Another crucial component of an email is the header. The email header contains important information about the sender and recipients. This information is typically displayed in a table format and includes various details that provide context and identification for the email.
|
Field |
Description about the field |
|
Subject |
we can type the subject of mail in this field. |
|
From |
This field give the description of sender's email address. |
|
To |
this field give the information of recipient's email address. |
|
Date
and time |
Display date and time of receiving mail as per the recipient's time
zone. |
|
Recipient |
Displays
the recipient's name. |
|
Reply-to |
When
the recipient clicks the Reply button in the received email, the To field
gets filled automatically based on the email ID available in the Reply-to
field. |
|
Carbon
copy (Cc) |
This
field is used whenever the sender wants to send a copy of the email to other
users. |
|
Blind
carbon copy (Bcc) |
The
email address entered in the Bcc field will not be visible to those users who
were added in the To and Cc fields. |
|
Attachments |
we can upload or attach the different file with mail and send it to the recipient |
Message body-
Message body contains the content of the mail ,this content can include text, image or video, Signatures and organization disclaimers can be included at the footer of the email body based on email policies.
Free e-mail service providers
Gmail ,Yahoo, Rediffmail
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Internet chatting
Chatting is a communication over the Internet that offers a real-time transmission of text messages from the sender to a receiver. Chat messages are generally short in order to enable other participants to respond quickly.
Chatting can classified into three broad categories
Text chat:-
Communication is done in form of text message
Voice chat:-
Communication is done in form of sound message
Video chat:-
Communication is done in form of video message
Web server
A computer that operates websites is known as a web server. The primary purpose of a web server is to store, handle, and distribute web pages to users. Its main responsibility is to display the content of a website. The user's browser sends a request to the web server and the web server in response send the website's content to the user.
A web server refers to the combination of software and hardware that utilizes HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and other protocols to respond to client requests made over the World Wide Web. The primary function of a web server involves storing, processing, and delivering webpages to users, thereby enabling the display of website content.
When a user inputs a website's URL or web address into the address bar of a web browser, such as Chrome or Firefox, a request is sent by the browser to the Internet in order to access the associated web page. To facilitate this process, a Domain Name Server (DNS) converts the URL into an IP Address, such as 192.168.216.345, which then directs the browser to the appropriate Web Server.
If a web server is not exposed to the public and is used internally, then it is called Intranet Server.
Nowadays, the Apache server stands as the prevailing web server option in the market. Apache, an open source software, efficiently manages nearly 70 percent of the existing websites. Another widely accessible web server is the Internet Information Service (IIS), which is owned by Microsoft.
Web server functions
Safeguard and secure website data:
A web server has the capability to safeguard and secure crucial website data, ensuring that it remains protected from unauthorized access.
Manage network traffic by controlling bandwidth:
A web server plays a vital role in preventing downtime caused by excessive web traffic. Web hosts can effectively manage the rate of data transmission over the internet by setting bandwidth, thereby minimizing unnecessary network congestion.
Web scripting(Server-side):
The server-side web scripting feature enables users to create dynamic web pages
Virtual hosting:
Web servers can also be used as virtual servers to run multiple applications, websites, data, and other services.
Working of web server
The working of webserver works on Web and application servers which follow a client-server model. In this model, one program, is known as the client, which requests a resource or service from another program, which is known as server.
Both request & respond uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), this Protocol is used for exchanging information between computers.
Web servers use Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to respond user requests ,
when the request arises to the server ,server process the request and in response servers can deliver the site’s HTML document to the user’s web browser, like Google Chrome.
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| Web server & its working |
Steps involved in Working of Web server
When an individual intends to access a website, the browser initiates a search for the web server that hosts the files of the desired site.
In order to accomplish this, the web browser converts the domain name of the site into an IP address using the Domain Name System (DNS).
If the website is frequently visited, the web browser will examine its file cache for any stored information.
Upon locating the appropriate web server, the browser dispatches an HTTP request to retrieve the content of the site.
The web server then receives and processes the HTTP request through its HTTP server.
Once the HTTP server accepts the request, it proceeds to search the database for the relevant data.
Finally, the server transmits the files back to the web browser, which in turn delivers them to the users.
Type of Web Servers
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| Type of Web server |
Web servers can serve both static and dynamic content. Static content is static and does not change often and shown as it is but dynamic content keeps changing.
A static web server consists of a computer and HTTP software. The files hosted on this server are sent to the browser without any alterations.
Conversely, a dynamic web server includes a computer, a database, and an application server. The application server has the ability to modify the hosted files before sending them to the browser. Additionally, this type of web server can create content on-demand from the database, offering versatility but increasing the complexity of the process.
Difference Between Static & Dynamic web server
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NO |
Static Web Servers |
Dynamic Web Servers |
|
1 |
Static web servers serve the static content i.e., the content
is fixed and being shown as it is. |
Dynamic web servers serve dynamic content which is updated and
altered every time. |
|
2 |
A static web server
includes a computer and the HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) software. |
A dynamic web server
also includes a computer with plenty of other software, unlike an application
server and database model. |
|
3 |
It is called static, the web pages content won't change and the server will deliver web files as is to the web browser. |
The term "dynamic" is used to describe this phenomenon because the application server is responsible for updating the web page files on the server-side. As a result, the web page can undergo changes with each request made by the web browser. |
|
4 |
Less time required to load the data. |
The Dynamic web server retrieves data from the database only upon request, making it a more time-consuming and complex process in comparison to static web servers. |
Web Portal
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| web portal |
A web-based platform known as a portal serves as a centralized hub that consolidates information from various sources into a single user interface. This platform presents users with the most pertinent information based on their specific context.
By utilizing a web portal, users can access personalized information such as employee training materials, safety manuals, or customer profiles. Additionally, a web portal facilitates the collaboration of information, enhancing interactions between employees, customers, and suppliers within your business.
Furthermore, an online business portal can be customized to mirror the appearance and functionality of your specific business. This level of customization grants you greater control over your day-to-day operations. Regardless of the time or the user's location, a web portal can be easily and swiftly accessed on both desktop and mobile devices, including smartphones and tablets.
Domain name Registration
What is DNR
Step 1 Check Domain availability
The initial stage of the domain name registration procedure involves verifying the availability of the desired domain name. To check for availability, you may visit a web registrar site like www.icdomainnames.com, Godaddy.com, or BlueHost.com.
Step 2 Register Domain
If the domain name is accessible, it ought to be enrolled with the registrar.
To complete the registration process, you are required to adhere to the specific requirements of the website and provide them with the requested information, as well as make a payment of some kind.
During the registration, it is essential to furnish your contact details.
All information are updated in ICANN Database
Then the registrar will update the internet routers with the new domain name.
Web publishing
What is web publishing
Publishing original content on the Internet is referred to as web publishing. This involves creating and uploading websites, regularly updating webpages, and sharing content online.
Web publishing encompasses various types of websites, such as personal, business, and community sites, as well as e-books and blogs.
The content intended for web publishing can consist of text, videos, digital images, artwork, and various other forms of media.
To engage in web publishing, publishers need a web server, web publishing software, and an Internet connection.
Web publishing is also commonly known as online publishing.
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| Web-publishing |
How to Prepare and publish your website
Step 1 Prepare your website content on local computer. the design of website is chosen according to the content
Step 2 Design and build your website.
Step 3 Locate a suitable web hosting service for your website
Step 4. Conduct a thorough quality assurance check to ensure your website is error-free.
Step 5. Finally, launch your website to make it accessible to the public.
conclusion
In conclusion , this blog cover a brief description of following topics
Email & working, IMAP, POP, SMTP, Web server its functions & Working, Web Portal, web Publishing, DNR
In summary, I can say that these topics are related to Fundamental of Computer and very helpful for those who pursuing BCA,PGDCA, DCA ,'O' Level Courses from different universities
I hope this blog helps you a lot Happy learning....
I hope this blog helps you a lot Happy learning....
FAQ
What is Email ?
An Email is a system that enables the instantaneous exchange of messages between different systems through the use of the internet.
What is web server ?
A computer that operates websites is known as a web server. The primary purpose of a web server is to store, handle, and distribute web pages to users.
What is web publishing ?
Publishing original content on the Internet is referred to as web publishing. This involves creating and uploading websites, regularly updating webpages, and sharing content online.
What is web portal ?
A web-based platform known as a web portal, serves as a centralized hub that consolidates information from various sources into a single user interface.
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